jueves, 30 de abril de 2015

Locally Grown Food



Supermarkets control the food distribution in cities and towns. Everyone knows where the nearest supermarket is and which one is their personal favorite, because of its price, distance, quality or repertoire. Most of us prefer going to such places than to a local market that may be crowded and less clean than a big store. We are only promoting the production of massive amounts of food through altered crops and animal industries. The concept of local or regional food system refers to food produced and distributed close to consumers’ homes. There are many benefits to this system, some of which I will describe briefly.
Locally grown food isn't transported for long distances, which in turn means less conservatives and chemicals used to keep the food fresh. These products keep the food from rotting soon but are also deleterious to our health with chronic ingestion. These reduced timing between farm and table brings other benefits, the first being that the crops are picked at their peak, having the best quality available. Since local farmers don't produce massive amounts of foods, we can say that their crops are ‘hand crafted’ for best flavor. This applies to vegetables and animals, which are fed correctly and kept in open spaces, not in closed disease-promoting spaces that animal industries use. Since quality is placed over quantity, the genetic diversity in plants is preserved, contrast with the large and transgenic products we find in supermarkets. When we buy products we now the brand and maybe the location where the food is grown but we never know who really grows the food. Local farmers aren't anonymous, they are real people that can be contacted and spoken to, ensuring the safety of the food. We live in a globalized world where the rich are getting richer and the poor, poorer. Buying locally grown food helps local economy and supports the needing families because they will receive fair prices for their work, not the misery they receive from supermarkets. This boosts the economy and prevents the effluent of money to big companies that in many cases are foreign. This local families can retain their properties and preserve open spaces, which turns beneficial to wildlife and the environment since big companies aren't building big factories and buildings that are deleterious to life.
I know it can be difficult to find these kind of markets and products in big cities, but if we only open our eyes we will realize that they are everywhere. Markets are numerous and local food growers can be found in small stores, markets, and even in the streets. We should make an effort and buy all the food we can from local farmers. There will be products that are only found in supermarkets fulfilling their essence, to sell food that cannot be found in local markets.


lunes, 23 de marzo de 2015

Living Building Challenge



Imagine you go out early in the morning. You drive from your house to the office and during the 30 min-60 min ride you see 3-4 buildings in the making. You see the cranes working as the structure is being lifted. This is a common scenario in most big cities. These new buildings are mostly residential or office-centered. Not only do these buildings contribute to the overpopulation in the cities, they also produce tons of garbage and heat-producing gases. Why aren't we building sustainable buildings?
The Living Building Challenge is a building certification program which measures the sustainability of a building taking into account seven categories or ‘petals’: place, water, energy, health & happiness, materials, equity, and beauty. Each of the petals has its subdivisions that can be applied to any building, big or small. It's important to note that they don't only evaluate the materials, but the beauty and the place where it is built as well. The registered buildings are given one of the three certifications: Living Building Certification, Petal Building or Net Zero Energy Building Certification. The first certification is the ultimate goal, it comprises projects that are fully sustainable and help restore the natural environment. But this seems like something impossible that no modern building could achieve! Well at least that's what I first thought but there are buildings worldwide that are fully certificated. Some examples are the Bertschi Living Building Science Wing and the Bullitt Center amongst 6 more. If there are buildings around the world that are building fully sustainable buildings, why can't we envision a Net Zero Energy Building Certification?


lunes, 16 de marzo de 2015

Lentes Solares


              Todos sabemos del problema del calentamiento global y los niveles de monóxido y dióxido de carbono en la atmósfera. Hemos escuchado sobre el aumento en la temperatura de la tierra y el aumento del nivel del agua de los mares consecuencia de la desaparición de los casquetes polares. Se tiene que hacer algo para detener esto, claro está. ¿Y si le ponemos un tipo de bloqueador al planeta para que no reciba rayos solares? Es como si vamos a la playa y no nos queremos quemar, non ponemos un bloqueador solar y listo.
              El Dr. Roger Angel, astrónomo de la Universidad de Arizona propone este “bloqueador solar” del planeta. Él propone dispersar la luz del Sol antes que ésta llegue al planeta Tierra. La manera de dispersar la luz parece sencilla, mandar al espacio un lente divergente que disipe los rayos solares para que así disminuya la radiación que llega al planeta. Se enviarían millones de lentes formando en total un área de 100,000 millas cuadradas que esté entre el Sol y la Tierra para poder disminuir aproximadamente en 1.8% la cantidad de radiación solar que recibimos. Este proyecto se piensa que pueda estar listo en 2040 y pueda disminuir los niveles de temperatura en el planeta hasta alcanzar niveles pre-industriales.
              Si bien se están haciendo pruebas para ver la veracidad del proyecto, se debe de entender que con esta acción solamente estamos maquillando el problema, no corrigiéndolo. Se deberían de crear más fuentes de energía sustentable y limitar la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero por los países industrializados y potencias mundiales, recordando que son ellos los que más emiten estos gases y los que menos actúan en contra de su emisión. Lo que comenta el Dr. Angel, y concuerdo con ello, es que esta es una solución temporal que nos ayudaría a crear estas nuevas fuentes de energía y limpiar el aire en el planeta. Es decir, lo único que nos daría este proyecto, en caso de necesitarlo, es tiempo para poder arrancar el problema de raíz.

lunes, 9 de marzo de 2015

Positive Impact of Electric Vehicles



The cities nowadays are designed taking into account that cars exist. If such argument wasn't true, there wouldn't be residential, industrial, and recreational areas, amongst others. If we want to go to the market, we take the car, if we go to school, we take the car, when we go to work, we take the car. All of this is true if we are lucky enough to afford a car, because if not the public transportation will be waiting for us with a deceiving smile. The cars and buses emit carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, which in turn pollute the air making it toxic to humans. With more buildings, cars, roads, and people there is less space for trees and plants which means no air cleaning mechanism to counteract the vicious cycle modern cities are submerged in.
This way of living has created a phenomenon known as ‘urban heat island effect’ in which cities are up to 6 degrees Celsius hotter than their surrounding rural areas. This heat comes form cars and air conditioning systems in a great part. These machines produce gases that come in very high temperatures, ironically one of them is used to cool down closed spaces thus creating a cycle with high temperatures and more use of the air conditioning to cool down the heat. With the introduction of electric vehicles, this can be brought to a halt. Professor Canbing Li from the Hunan University found that electric vehicles emit 19.8% of the total heat emitted by combustion vehicles per mile. This reduction would lead to a mitigation in the summer heat island intensity by about 0.94°C, reduced the amount of electricity consumed daily by air conditioners in buildings by 14.44 million kilowatt-hours, and reduced daily CO2 emissions by 10,686 tonnes.
It's a fact that we need cars because of the great distances in the cities. If we start using electric vehicles the vicious cycle previously exposed could be stopped momentarily. With a reduction of the temperature in cities, people may find it more pleasant to walk and use bicycles in the cities promoting perhaps more green spaces, which can be a final solution to such a problem.





lunes, 2 de marzo de 2015

City biking

The car can be our best friend or our worst enemy, it all depends on the traffic. We can cover distances of 20 km in 20 minutes or less, but we can also cover 20 km in 2 hours or more. It all depends on the time and the day. The population is growing as you read, the number of cars is raising, and the average car speed is diminishing. According to information from ‘El Universal’, the average speed of vehicles in 2007 was 17 km/h; showing a strong reduction from the average speed in 1990 (38.5 km/h).  If this continues, in a couple years the average speed will be of a couple kilometers per hour. The government has to promote other means of transportation and improve the street conditions.
Yes we have to use public transportation, but having such an inefficient program isn't worth the risk of getting late or getting robbed. We have to find other means of transportation and walking is surely an improbable option.  In 2010 the program ‘Ecobici’ was born. It started with 84 bike stations and 1,200 bikes. Now it has 444 bike stations and over 6,000 bikes available.  In 2010, only 0.8 million rides were registered, but during 2014 7.9 million rides were registered, showing a 1000% increase in its use.  Riding a bike is one of the best options available nowadays and with Ecobici, now you don't have to buy a bike. According to a close friend, his average speed on a bike in Mexico City is 15 km/h. Only 2 km/h less than the average car speed in 2007! We can criticize many things of our local government, but the work done in streets to make bike lanes is something worth noting. There is a lot of work to be done yet but the interest is there. According to a study by ‘Bikenomics’, there was a 400% growth in sales of businesses when a bike lane was made in the business’ street in Seattle. It may be a  coincidence but the data exists.
Promoting the usage of bikes in cities helps everyone, even the non users because less cars are going when they are. As more people start biking, less noxious gases are being emitted by cars and air quality as well as the city temperature are improving . It's a cheap (you pay 400 mxn for an annual subscription), sustainable, and healthy mean of transportation that has to grow. Little by little the people is noticing this and the car drivers are learning to respect bikers. We have to dream big and maybe one day we can be like Copenhagen, where more than half of its population goes to work on a bicycle.  It's important to respect bikers and join the community if we can, they are helping the city to be a better place and as an extra profit, they work out as they go from their home to the school or work.




viernes, 20 de febrero de 2015

Vivir cerca del metro es un privilegio.

¿Alguna vez se han preguntado cuales son los beneficios de vivir cerca de una estación de metro? O ¿por qué a los mexicanos no nos gusta vivir cerca de estaciones de metro? Estas interrogantes son una realidad que vivimos todos los días y están presentes ante nosotros.
Nos pasamos horas en el estacionamiento asfaltado del D.F. por el tráfico. En donde nos gustaría gritar, llorar y reírnos de la desesperación de no hacer nada. Pero es por eso que somos parte del problema. En 1990 había 2 millones de autos en el 2030 se espera que haya 9.5 millones de carros lo que significa que perderemos la mitad de nuestra vida atorados en el tráfico si seguimos por dónde vamos. Solo 20% de las personas usan el carro y el otro 80% el transporte público. En promedio en cada carro hay 1.2 pasajeros por carro y en un metrobus de doble cabina caben hasta 240 personas si estas 240 personas quisieran viajar necesitaría 200 autos lo que harían una línea de 800 m contra los 20 m del metrobus. Esto se puede traducir en horas hombre lo que quiere decir que perdemos 3.3 millones de horas hombre lo que se traduce en 33 mil millones de pesos al año. Todo ese dinero parado en el tráfico.
A parte de esto los mexicanos tenemos un estigma por vivir cerca de las paradas de metro ya que estas se traducen en mercados, nudos de delincuencia y abuso. Pero, ¿Por qué dejamos que pase esto?
Tenemos que cambiar, tenemos que exigir al gobierno que no permita que haya estos puesto ambulantes, debemos dejar de comprarles cosas para no promover esos mercados y así lograr quitar esos nudos de gente que tanto ayudan a la delincuencia. Vivir cerca del transporte púbico es un privilegio así podremos dejar de usar el coche, dejaremos de ser el problema y nos uniremos a la solución.
Tenemos que incentivar programas de desarrollo urbano verde, usar la bicicleta, el transporte público, caminar. Nosotros somos el problema y también la solución.

Referencias

domingo, 15 de febrero de 2015

Hostigamiento

               Hay una comunidad en La Central Pijijiapan, Chiapas, aislada de toda comunicación. El 3 de enero del 2012, la CFE les instaló por fin un sistema de electricidad que “alimentaba” a 20 familias aproximadamente. Un mes después, los habitantes de dicha comunidad recibieron a empleados de la CFE que iban a “reparar el tendido eléctrico” sin causar molestias a la comunidad. Fue una gran sorpresa la que se llevaron los habitantes al notar que en cuanto se retiraron los funcionarios de la CFE, el servicio de luz era inexistente, privando así su derecho al servicio de luz a la comunidad.
               Resulta curioso enterarse que dentro de esta comunidad hay habitantes pertenecientes al EZLN, mismas personas que tomaron lo sucedido con los empleados de la CFE        como actos de hostigamiento y provocación en contra de integrantes de la resistencia civil. Con este acto se incurre en una clara violación de los derechos humanos de los integrantes del Consejo Autónomo regional. Como es posible que con la información de la agrupación se les prive de un servicio para el cual existen instalaciones en la región. Aun cuando las ideologías de la población no concuerden con lo que el gobierno piense que es lo “correcto”, es un derecho humano formar agrupaciones independientes y formar parte del mundo político local, así como ser escuchados por autoridades pertinentes. Con este acto se puede notar una represión hacia una población diminuta, sólo consta de 20 familias, lo cual es inaceptable. No importa el tamaño, la localidad o la ideología, actos así no deberían de sucedes y deberían de ser castigados por las autoridades correspondientes.